Which theory posits that social phenomena are created through interactions and culture?

Social constructionism is the theory that emphasizes how social phenomena are developed through human interactions and cultural practices. This perspective holds that our understanding of reality is not inherent or naturally existing; rather, it is constructed through social processes, including language, communication, and shared experiences.

Social constructionism asserts that categories such as gender, race, and even concepts like time and morality are not just given, but are shaped by social context and interactions among people. This means that knowledge and meaning are continually negotiated and redefined within social contexts.

In contrast, structural functionalism focuses more on how various aspects of society function to maintain stability and order, while conflict theory looks at the power dynamics and inequalities present in society. Symbolic interactionism also shares some similarities with social constructionism, as it studies the micro-level of interactions and symbols used in communication. However, it is more concerned with the meanings individuals assign to social interactions rather than the broader process of how those interactions construct societal phenomena.

In summary, social constructionism uniquely encapsulates the idea that social phenomena emerge from cultural and interactive processes, highlighting the active role of society in shaping perceptions and realities.