Which of the following best describes qualitative research?

Qualitative research is characterized primarily by its aim to understand and interpret the subjective meanings and experiences behind human behavior. It emphasizes exploring the depth and complexity of social phenomena, often using methods such as interviews, focus groups, or participant observation. This approach allows researchers to gain insights into the thoughts, feelings, and motivations that underlie people's actions and beliefs.

The focus on meanings and experiences is crucial because it enables researchers to capture the nuances of social contexts and the perspectives of individuals, which cannot easily be quantified. This method contrasts sharply with research that relies on numerical data and statistical analysis, which typically seeks to identify patterns and generalizable truths rather than delve into personal narratives or subjective experiences.